What Causes Global Warming?

For several decades, scientists have wondered what causes global warming. They looked at a number of things such as the natural cycles and events that influence the climate. Some things they learned that causes global warming include:

- Methane gas release in the areas of the wetlands and arctic tundra. Methane is known as a greenhouse gas that results in heat bring trapped inside the atmosphere.

- Climate change cycle, which tends to occur every 40,000 years.

- Lots of volcano activity causes an increase of greenhouse gases.

- Sunspots

And, while they've looked at the above events and cycles, they noted that the pattern and amount of global warming cannot be explained by them alone. Scientists could only explain that the pattern included human's effect on the greenhouse gases. After all, the human population is growing rapidly, which means they're raising more animals for food and have regular growth in technology.

Now, scientists from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (or IPCC), meet every several years to check on recent scientific findings and put together a report that summarizes everything they've learned about global warming.

Greenhouse Gases Causes Global Warming

Now, one thing scientists have learned on what causes global warming is that there are several kinds of greenhouse gases responsible for the problem. And, humans are largely responsible for these greenhouse gases, emitting them off in a number of ways. Most greenhouse gases come in the form of fossil fuel combustion such as electricity production, cars and factories. The primary cause of global warming, however, is carbon dioxide, which is also known as CO2.

So what causes global warming? Some other causes include methane from agriculture and landfills, fertilizers' nitrous oxide, gases used in industrial processed and refrigeration and deforestation, which leads to CO2.

When people drive their cars, heat homes with either natural gas or oil or use electricity from plants that use coal, they release more heat-trapping gases like CO2 into the environment. Deforestation means there are fewer trees and when there are fewer trees planted, it means less carbon dioxide being changed over into usable oxygen.

The heat-trapping abilities of the different greenhouse gases vary. Some tend to trap more*heat than carbon dioxide does. One molecule of methane generates over 20 times the warming of a CO2 molecule. Nitrous oxide is nearly 300 times stronger than carbon dioxide. Chlorofluorocarbons, which are banned in most of the world due to causing the degradation of the ozone layer, can trap heat more than a thousand times more than carbon dioxide. However, since their concentration is lower than CO2, they don't add a lot of warmth to the environment.

When scientists get together, they tend to converse about the different greenhouse gases and how their equivalent amount to carbon dioxide. Since the early 1990s, annual emissions of CO2 has risen to around six billion metric tons or a 20 percent increase.

Bear in mind that in the industrial age, carbon dioxide emissions increased by approximately 31 percent. And, during the same time, there was a 151 percent increase in environmental methane, which came from agricultural activities like growing rice or raising cattle.

What causes global warming is the increase of greenhouse gases because more heat becomes trapped in the atmosphere and is not able to escape into space. This rise in the amount of trapped heat will lead to changes in the environment, altering weather patterns, speeding up species extension, influencing the seasons, causes coastal flooding and resulting in more severe storms.

No doubt greenhouse gases have a direct impact on what causes global warming. So, it's up the humans all around the world to ban together and reduce the release of greenhouse gases to save the environment... and the world!

Global Warming - Purveyor of Death

Plants, trees, animals, sea, earth, rocks, sand, water, air, wind etc all these are part of nature. Nature is something that can not be created artificially and even existed when there was no human life. Nature is referred to as the natural surroundings comprising of animal and plant kingdom.

Nature provides us many resources and we are dependent upon them for our continued existence. Plants and trees are wonderful gift of nature. These provide us not only oxygen but also helps us fighting the growing demons known as pollution and global warming. Trees are responsible for absorbing carbon dioxide (CO2) and emitting oxygen into the atmosphere due to the process of photosynthesis. This unique property makes trees real saviors of life fighting against purveyor of death.

Global warming is referred to as the increased earth's average temperature.

Effects and causes of Global Warming:
Spreading of Diseases - Warm temperature is beneficial for microorganism, germs and viruses to survive and to multiply. As a result of global warming diseases are spreading day by day.

Increased Hurricanes - Average temperature of oceans is increasing like anything and this result in increasing probability of powerful, frequent and grievous Hurricanes.

Drought - Increasing temperature results in increasing the probability of drought and serious heat waves. The day is not far when there will not be any water left because of this day by day increasing rate of global warming.

Accumulation of hazardous gases in the atmosphere - Excessive releasing of green house gases is one of the main reasons of Global warming. Some of the green house gases are CO2, N2O and methane. Accumulation of these harmful gases is increasing due to the recent industrialization and unnecessary deforestation.

Hostile world for future generation - As a result of this increasing demon, the world will turn hostile for the future generation. Global warming is badly affecting not only earth but also affecting the whole ecosystem.

Ways to avoid Global warming:
Avoid using perfumes rich in CFCs - CFC is Chlorofluorocarbon and is responsible for depletion of ozone layer. Increased use of CFCs results in increasing global warming.

Make use of solar energy - Start using solar energy appliances and equipments because these are beneficial in decreasing pollution and helps saving non-renewable resources.

Grow More Trees - Trees play an important role in saving earth from warming and soil erosion. We should grow more trees in order to keep environment safe and secure.

Organic Food - Consumption of organic food helps in decreasing carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.

Say no to Polyethene Bags- Polythene is non-recyclable material and is responsible for increasing pollution. Start using paper bags, cloth bags or bags made from recyclable material in order to save environment.

Mitigation Measures For Global Warming

1. Mitigation of global warming involves taking actions aimed at reducing the extent of global warming. Scientific consensus on global warming together with the fear of climate transitions is leading to increased efforts to develop new technologies and sciences, to address the issue of global warming. At the core of most proposals is the reduction in greenhouse gas emissions by reducing energy use and switching to cleaner energy sources. Responding to the challenges of controlling global warming requires fundamental changes in energy production, transportation, industry, government policies, and development strategies around the world. These changes would take time. The challenge today is to manage the impacts that cannot be avoided while taking steps to prevent severe impacts in the future. Some of the mitigating measure is appended below.

a. Forests provide many social, economic and environmental benefits. In addition to timber and paper products, forests provide wildlife habitat, recreational opportunities, prevent soil erosion and flooding, help provide clean air and water and contain tremendous biodiversity. Forests are also an important defense against global climate change. Through the process of photosynthesis, forests produce life-supporting oxygen and consume huge amounts of carbon dioxide, which help the most in mitigation of global warming.

b. Hydro-electric power by means of dams is regarded as a relatively cleaner source of energy because it emits fewer greenhouse gases than thermal power plants. Greenhouse gases contribute to global warming and climate change, and for many environmentalists, the buildup of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere is the most important environmental issue.

c. The scientific study of the physical, chemical, and biological aspects of the world oceans is called oceanography. Greater knowledge of climatic variations can be attained to describe how the biological productivity in the sea is controlled. A lot of carbon dioxide could be removed from the atmosphere if significant amounts of carbon dioxide could be sucked up by tiny floating marine plants in the vast oceans. Oceans receive considerable sunlight and have an abundance of the nitrogen and phosphorus compounds that usually support the growth of such plants in the greenish waters of the coastal ocean. In an experiment, sea-water containing dissolved iron was pumped to a small area resulting in growth of small marine plants.

d. One way to keep carbon dioxide emissions from reaching the atmosphere is to preserve and growing more trees. Trees, especially young and fast-growing ones, soak up a great deal of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. Slowing the rate of deforestation and planting new trees can help in neutralizing the expansion of greenhouse gases. In most cases, the process of carbon capture would involve transporting the gas in compressed form to suitable locations for underground storage. Deep ocean waters could also absorb a great deal of carbon dioxide, although the environmental effects may be harmful to ocean life. The feasibility and environmental effects of these options are under study by international teams.

e. The total worldwide consumption of fossil fuels is increasing by several percent annually. Newer technologies for energy resources may help offset these effects. Significant reductions in carbon dioxide emissions can only be achieved by switching away from fossil-fuel energy sources.

i. Nuclear power plants release no carbon dioxide at all, but nuclear energy is controversial for reasons of safety, security and the high costs of nuclear waste disposal.

ii. Solar Power, Wind Power and Hydrogen Fuel Cells can be alternative means of energy emit no greenhouse gases. These energy sources can be practical and low-polluting alternatives to fossil fuels.Other alternatives include fuels made from plants, such as biodiesel (made from used and new vegetable oil) and ethanol (a plant-based gasoline additive). Use of these fuels can help reduce total carbon dioxide emissions from automobiles. The hybrid electric vehicle (HEV), which uses both an electric motor and a gasoline or diesel engine, emits less carbon dioxide than conventional automobiles.

f. Urban planning also has an effect on use of energy. Inefficient use of land practices have increased infrastructure costs as well as the amount of energy needed for transportation, community services, and buildings. Efficient planning will serve to reduce energy usage and greenhouse gas emissions. Planning and the concentration of housing within walking distance of town centers and transport will reduce greenhouse gas emissions.

g. Emissions from housing are substantial.New buildings using passive solar building design can be made more efficient through the use of insulation, high-efficiency appliances (particularly hot water heaters and furnaces), double or triple glazed gas-filled windows, external window shades, and building orientation and site. Renewable heat sources such as geothermal power and passive solar energy reduce the amount of greenhouse gasses emitted. This saves energy because it cools buildings and reduces the urban heat island effect thus reducing the use of air conditioning.

h. Development of new technologies, such as hydrogen cars, may reduce the consumption of petroleum and emissions of carbon dioxide. A shift from air and transport to electric rail would reduce emissions significantly. Increased use of bio-fuels will also reduce emissions. For electric vehicles, the reduction of carbon emissions will improve further.

i. The population explosion is a fundamental factor that has led to global warming. Proposed measures include improving access to family planning and reproductive health care and information, public awareness about the consequences of continued population growth, and improving access of women to education and economic opportunities.

j. There is a requirement to launch a media campaign at national level through print and electronic media for awareness of the masses regarding hazards of Global Warming and importance of growing trees.

k. Rules and regulations regarding setting up and operation of industries already exist. There is a dire need that industrial sector be forced by the concerned agencies, to follow the rules with letter and spirit regarding environment friendly policies.

2. There is a need to secure our future from the hazards of environmental changes faced by the present world. The mitigation efforts for the reduction of Global Warming would help in making prosperous nation besides a healthy atmosphere for our next generations. The most basic question as to who would take the first step is now beyond discussion due to obvious scenery of consequences. So pro-active policy at each tier is mandatory and should become our moral obligation towards better and prosperous future.

Global Warming is resulting in increased temperatures, drying up water sources, sudden and unpredictable natural calamities; resulting in loss of millions of lives every decade, which should act as a wake-up call and as a group or at an individual level we all must try to adopt applicable mitigation measures and this is only possible if we understand the core issue and severity of its far reaching implications.

Keeping the Earth Beautiful

I recently discovered that April has been dubbed, Keep the earth Beautiful month. I am fortunate to live in a well-kept area but even here there is evidence of abuse and neglect of the earth. I imagine God must just shake His head in disappointment at the way we're treating this beautiful world He created. 1 Corinthians 6:9 tells us that people who destroy the earth and everything in it do not qualify as citizens of the kingdom of God. Although I am not a hard-core environmentalist, I'm thinking it's probably a good idea to be good stewards of everything we have, and do our part to take care of the beautiful world which God entrusted to us.

I also think it's a wonderful idea to educate our kids about ways they can help keep the earth in a state that glorifies the God who created it. And the sooner we start teaching them how to do it, the more beautiful it will become. So although this holiday is technically, "Keep America Beautiful," the principle is the same around the world. Here are three things we can do with our kids to keep our earth looking beautiful.

1. RECYCLE - There are several ways you can recycle. Ask your trash pick up for a recycling container in which you can toss recyclables.

o Cans and bottles - Interesting fact: Every three months, the U.S. throws away enough aluminum to rebuild our entire commercial airline fleet.

o Paper - Interesting fact: each day American businesses generate enough paper to circle the globe at least 40 times.

o Cardboard - Interesting fact: Out of ever $10 spent buying things, $1 (10%) goes for packaging that is thrown away. Packaging represents about 65% of household trash. Recycle that packaging!

o Material Goods - Instead of throwing out those clothes and toys you no longer want, give them away. There are plenty of wonderful organizations that would welcome your used items..

2. CLEAN UP - Of course you want to discourage your kids from any type of littering. But why not take it a step further? The next time you go to the following places with your kids, take ten or fifteen minutes to throw away trash you find on the ground. Point out how much prettier the area looks without all the junk scattered around as well as a safer place to play. Places that might be in need of a clean-up:

o Park

o School yard

o Playground

o Your neighborhood

o Baseball fields

o Nature trail

3. REUSE - Whenever possible, reuse normal household items. Here are a few things you may be able to find another use for:

o Jars - decorate and use to hold all sorts of household items

o Bags - use as trash bags

o Boxes - for storage

o Coffee cans - use as a planter, a bank, or to hold kitchen scraps

o Clothing - make into other items such as purses, quilts, cushion covers or doll clothing

o Greeting cards - use the cover as a postcard or frame it and hang it on the wall.

o And more...put on your creativity cap for other ideas.

Don't forget, every little bit helps! Get qualified as a citizen of God's kingdom and keep our Creator smiling by doing your part to help keep the earth beautiful.

Keep The Earth Clean - Purchase a Portable Trash Compactor

People who have a large family must surely consider purchasing a portable trash compactor. This appliance can be stored inside the kitchen area so that you can throw waste food items, plastic accessories, cans and packets in it at frequent intervals. The waste is kept in a special bag that is specially manufactured for the trash compactor. A high powered motor is installed inside the machine which helps in constricting the trash to a fraction of its original size. If you want you can also take this portable accessory with you on your boat and recreational vehicle.

For more information about this amazing accessory, I would advise you to consult the points mentioned below.

1. Shopping for the perfect option
When it comes to the trash compactor, shopping for the perfect option becomes difficult most of the time because there are a large number of different options of this equipment available in the market. There are four different options that you can purchase, they are the portable compactor, under-the-counter compactors, commercial trash compactors and the free standing options. From these options you can purchase the one that you find the most suitable. Different versions are also available for industrial use.

2. Look for the different features and functions
Every option has some different features and functions with the help which you can decide which option would be the most appropriate for your home. People who need extra counter space can purchase the free standing machines as they have a smooth surface. Convertible and portable trash compactors are the most popular options because they can be stored in your kitchen area without any difficulty.

3. Safety and precautions
You must only purchase those options which you think would be safe for you to use. You must know that the motor of this accessory is powerful and it has the force of about 2,000 to 5,000 lbs which is strong and can be very dangerous. You must only buy options that have additional features like removable key knob control, tilt sensors and jam system. Do not ever allow your children to operate the system.

4. Take the views of other people
If you want to purchase a good option then you must consult other people who are already using this accessory in their home or factory. You must also compare the prices of different options to get a better idea.

Take the help of these suggestions and ideas and bring home a brand new version of the portable trash compactor.

How Electronics Recycling Is Saving the Earth

Electronic recycling is simply recycling non-functional electronic devices by rescuing the parts that still work and using it for other purposes. This has been a practice to help in the drive to minimize electronic wastes.
With almost everything being electrically run these days, the pile of electronic wastes is becoming a problem. All electronic devices are generally classified as hazardous if to be disposed just like a normal garbage. In many countries in the United States, there are laws strictly regulating the disposal of electronic waste (e-waste) and mandating its reuse and recycle to save mother earth. Recycling and reusing are expected to minimize the trash generated from all these manufactured electronic devices which useful life has already come to an end.
How to recycle e-waste
Recycling of e-wastes should be done by a company that specializes in such a task. There are many recycling companies to choose from, but before choosing, you have to make sure the company is operating under strict environmental compliance. The recycling company you should choose is a company that has certifications from regulating bodies like the special body that issues ISO certification.
Electronics recycling is a complex process. It is more complex than what you imagine when recycling plastics, bottles and other common wastes. If you surrender an electronic device that no longer works, the recycling company will take the parts that can still be used. For example: a non-functional television. A television is made of so many parts including valuable metals like copper. This copper may be used for another purpose like when repairing other devices that need copper replacement. More than 90 percent of an electronic device can be recycled and reused in a thousand of other ways.
Preparing the e-waste for recycling would need segregation of its parts. Most companies include this in their job. Segregating on your own is not advisable. You might encounter some parts that need special handling to avoid poisoning or other possible accidents.
What to do with the parts that cannot be used?
More than 90 percent only of an electronic device can be recycled. If so, then "what happens to the rest?" is probably your question.
The rest of the parts of a television, for example, that cannot be recycled should not be easily disposed. They are still considered hazardous wastes so proper disposal is strictly required. Many devices contain mercury. Mercury is a naturally occurring element that is toxic to humans. The parts that cannot be recycled may contain mercury. This is why households are warned against improper disposal of electronic wastes to prevent possible mercury contamination. Mercury has a lot of use, but if not carefully handled may cause a great damage to the environment.
Electronic wastes maybe just a few percent of the total waste generated everyday. But it represents more than 70 percent of the total hazardous wastes that go to landfills and dump sites. Electronics recycling has done a great job in minimizing e-wastes for the safety of the public and for saving on resources.

Every Day Should Be Earth Day

Earth day is the day we all look at ways we can reduce our carbon footprint to protect and improve the environment. 20% of all greenhouse gases come from automobiles, so it makes sense to start there.
The rising gas prices are causing many people to look towards replacing their gas guzzler with a more fuel efficient vehicle. That is a good thing, not just for the economy. Newer vehicles get better gas mileage than their older models and produce less toxic emissions. Also, many new cars are made with recycled materials. Some of the fabrics in them are made with recycled yarn and some of the plastics are reinforced with wheat straw.
Anyone looking to purchase a new or newer vehicle should consider donating their older one to charity. If the car donation only requires minor repairs, the charity will make sure those repairs are made and that the car passes inspection and emissions testing before it is sold to the public.
If the vehicle needs major repairs, the charity will ensure that all the fluids are drained from it and properly recycled. Additionally, the useful parts will be removed from the car and sold. The remaining metal and other materials will be crushed and sold. The charity will use the monies derived from the sale of the vehicle or its parts to help it further its mission.
Anyone who is not replacing their car can still help the environment by making the vehicle greener. There are many ways to do this. Keeping the vehicle tuned up, the tires inflated and changing the air filter often will produce up to a 25% improvement in gas mileage. The less gas that is used, the less emissions are produced. Driving slower and refraining from sudden starts and stops will also improve gas mileage and reduce the chances of getting into an accident.
A less toxic anti-freeze is now available. It is made from propylene glycol, works just as well and is 65% less toxic that the more popular ethylene glycol anti-freeze. A non-toxic windshield washer fluid can be made from adding one part vinegar to 3 parts of water. This can be used to replace the very toxic methanol fluid.
Some companies are now marketing motor oil that is partially made from recycled oil. New life-time wiper blades are available that are not made from petroleum based rubber. They are 100% recyclable and are a good alternative to the non-biodegradable rubbers wipers that have to be replaced regularly. In addition to being better for our environment, these products help to reduce our dependence on foreign*oil.
There are many car cleaning products on the market that are non-toxic, biodegradable and free of synthetic dyes and fragrances. Most of them are made from palms, coconuts, corn and soybeans. These products can be used to clean the outside or interior of the auto. Normal car wash products contain isopropyl alcohol, teflon, fluropolymers or ammonia.
Most car air fresheners contain chemicals such as phthalates, formaldehyde and acetone. All of these chemicals are toxic. A small open container of baking soda can be used as an alternative.
While Earth Day is a good day to concentrate on cleaning up and protecting the environment, it is a practice that should continued everyday of the year.

Create Heaven On Earth

Someone's got to say it, but no one will, so I will say it... we CAN create heaven on earth.... we CAN create a loving, peaceful world where people live fulfilling lives in harmony, joy, and havingness. And where does the shift start? Right here, right now, with you and me, by us choosing to live our lives from love, not fear.

"Pollyanna? Unrealistic? In this it's-all-about-me, dog-eat-dog world we live in?," you argue. "Yes," I lovingly and excitedly reply. Initially there will have to be forerunners, those brave enough to trail blaze this new way of living, living from this new paradigm based on this major shift in values, feeling at times like we are swimming against the current of fear, but once the majority of us tip the scales - those who have turned the reins over to love instead of fear - then the remainder will see the light and embrace the greater fulfillment that a life based on love offers.

And by creating heaven on earth from living a life driven by love instead of fear I mean much more than simply being kind and "doing unto others as you would have them do unto you." I mean completely removing fear from the driver's seat in each and every moment of the day, replacing it with love; no longer living a life based on fear. As a result, discovering your deepest heart's desires, bringing them into fruition, and from that, living with passion as you create your ideal life, heaven on earth. And from this awakening, naturally, effortlessly replacing that part of ourselves that thinks "it's all about me" with that part of ourselves that knows "it's all about us." No longer living from the mind and fear, but from the heart and love. It's about recapturing our humanity, our hearts, and our souls, while living in unity, not separation, in cooperation, not competition. It's ALL about love.

Remember when the environmentalists tried to get us to care about the environment? Back then, did you ever think businesses would become "green" by implementing recycling, solar energy, solar heating, and electricity-saving measures such as the use of low-wattage bulbs? Yet, it happened and continues to happen. And not just because it saves them money, but because the consumers, their clients and customers, stopped supporting businesses that no longer demonstrated a concern for the environment. This is how it will be with the shift in values from fear to love, from "it's all about me" and from "it's all about the bottom line (money)" to "it's all about us" fully acknowledging that the entire planet is now completely interconnected, with one country's actions affecting many others, whether those actions be environmental, ethical, economical, or political. The public, those businesses' clients and customers, will shift their voting dollars from selfish companies to selfless companies. Similarly, voters will shift their votes from self-serving politicians to district-supporting politicians whose intentions stem from those they serve rather than themselves. We, the public, can lead this transformation and we can lead it right here, right now with the courageous, bold declaration to live life from love, rather than fear.

So what would a life based on love look like and feel like? How would our lives as individuals change and how would our world around us change as a result? Now this is where the fun begins because let me tell you, the sky's the limit; there is no limit to what you can experience or create in your life. With fortitude and perseverance, where you constantly redirect your will and intention from fear-based motives to love-based motives, all is possible, including heaven on earth.

The next five exercises, to be done whenever you feel like playing or feel inspired, will be fun and life-changing, if you let them.

Exercise 1:

On your next day-off or at work if you can, over a three hour time period, for every action you take, ask yourself the following questions:

• Is this action motivated by love or fear?
• Is this action motivated by a positive (feels good) feeling or a negative (feels-bad) feeling?
• Do I feel energized, alive, vibrant when I take this action or drained, down, and "blah?"

I understand that people often do things that they don't want to do such as work and that they do them for the rewards they bring (i.e. - money) or to avoid negative consequences (i.e. - foreclosure). Nevertheless, whatever the motivation, simply observe what motivates your actions, regardless of the activity, its purpose and its reward.

Exercise 2:

After doing exercise one above and, once again, on that same day off or at work, if you can, for the next three hour period, before you take action, only take action if the impetus stems from love, inspiration, and feels enlivening, energizing, exciting, or fulfilling in some positive way. If you find yourself taking action based on fear, simply stop, relax, and wait until a positive impetus moves you towards action.

I understand that people have "responsibilities" such as children and that those people feel these responsibilities often require "sacrifice" yet even with "responsibilities" you can live from love-based impetuses instead of fear-based impetuses. For example, it's Saturday morning. No work. It's your day off. While you're enjoying your breakfast and newspaper, your wife asks you to mow the lawn. Next, your seven year old son asks you to play ball with him outside. And finally, what really gives you the feeling of having lost a day of "r & r," your boss calls and asks for your help with a problem that's occurring at work, even though he knows it's Saturday and it's your day off. But what if, instead of moving from fear... f ear of your wife yelling at you for not mowing the lawn, or your son moping from neglect, or getting fired by your boss, what if you acquiesced by allowing the impetus of love to move you toward action rather than fear. So instead of immediately responding to those demands, waiting until a positive force governed your actions. Envision this alternate scenario. When your boss calls, ask him/her if you can return his/her call in an hour because you're in the middle of something. Then, you enjoy your peaceful breakfast while continuing to read the paper. At the same time, as your wonder what the problem is at work that your boss so urgently needs phone support with, you notice that your concern shifts from one motivated by the fear of getting fired to love, in the form of friendship and seamanship. You then call your boss assisting him/her over the phone from a place of love. After hanging up the phone, you then feel inspired to play ball with your son. While playing with your son, seeing your wife gardening close by, you tell her you'll mow the lawn after lunch, after you've played with little Ricky and had some "r & r." In that context of love and support you add, "And can we eat lunch as a family today?"

Living from love over fear doesn't result in neglect of responsibilities. It means simply waiting for the motivating force to shift from fear to love, which often occurs either by meeting your own personal needs first or by changing one's state of being.

Fulfillment comes in never ending levels. Exercises one and two above are level one. If you would like to take it to the next level try the next few exercises.... if you feel inspired.

Exercise 3:

A short, 15 minute fun exercise.

1) Fill in the blanks.

- My ideal life consists of ____________

- In my ideal life I am/have/do/feel/experience __________________

2) Rate your current level of fulfillment. On a scale of zero to ten, where 5 is neutral, less than five is

unsatisfied, and over five is satisfied. Zero is hell, then is heaven. How fulfilled are you right now, generally speaking, on a day-to-day basis?

3) How can I create an even more fulfilling life now/today/from-this-day-forward?

4) Which, of those answers listed above, will increase your level of fulfillment the most, with the least amount of time,*effort, and disruption in your new life?

5) And which of those actions listed above would you most like to implement now?

This one exercise, that takes just fifteen minutes, can shift the course of your life radically, no matter how small the change. The slightest, most seemingly insignificant change often sets a new course that, years later in retrospect, launched numerous subsequent life changes resulting in an entirely different life style. In other words, you never know where an even small change will lead. Have you ever made on small change in your life and, years later, realized it resulted in an entirely new life style? For example, stepping into a coffee shop one day where you met this person who later introduced you to ideas or experiences that changed your life.

Often, while entertaining the possibility of attending to one's personal needs, or living new dreams and desires, people feel guilty or judgmental, thinking "That's so selfish! I should be attending to the needs of others instead." It is equally as important to meet your own needs as it is to meet others'. Neglect of one's own aspirations kills the soul. The more alive and passionate you feel about your life, the more you will inspire others. The more care, love, and nurturing you give yourself, the more you'll be cable to care, love, and nurture others. Fee yourself so you can feed others. Give yourself the oxygen mask first so that you can give others their oxygen masks.

The next level, the third level, is even more fulfilling, considerably so. And it naturally occurs as one lives a life based on love versus fear and as one creates their ideal life. The more love-centered and the more fulfilled one is, the more inspired they are to give love. Giving love is the beginning of heaven on earth, because then we find ourselves living in a loving, nurturing, supportive environment instead of a predatorial, combative, hostile environment. As a result, our love exponentially grows. Imagine receiving love from yourself and, at the same time, from others at work and home. In addition, also imagine creating a space of love wherever you are such that the environment is loving, supportive, energizing, and comforting, as well as the people you encounter. Your love will compound rapidly. And the more love you feel, the more you'll give.

This next level's exercise, exercise four, is simple, and very satisfying.

Exercise 4:

How can I give love today?

Everyday can be Christmas, with the heart-warming feeling of love, family, connection, closeness, giving, and receiving.

So many people live a life based on "shoulds" and "have tos." These are indications of living from fear. The more you live from your heart, the more you will experience heaven on earth. And, as you raise from living a life based on fear to a life based on love, you will then sift naturally from a life governed by the mind to a life governed by the soul. The mind usually functions from fear, living in an "it's-all-about-me" reality whereas soul functions from love, living in a "we-are-all-one" reality. The mind is never satisfied, but instead, like a junky, always looking for its next fix. The soul is satisfied from simply "being." It's only when it is stifled, suppressed, or ignored that it complains.

Subconscious. Conscience. Higher self. Soul. We have other forms of consciousness and awareness beyond our normal daily consciousness. This we know. And we know when we're feeling out of sorts with ourselves it is often because we are neglecting one of these other forms of consciousness. And while, through the previous exercises, we bring those perhaps neglected forms of consciousness to the surface, still another questions must be asked to create still further fulfillment, further heaven on earth.

In addition to the previously mentioned questions,

• Am I living from love or fear?
• How can I live from love even more?
• How can I create even more fulfillment in my life, even more of an ideal life, of heaven on earth?
• How can I give even more love now?

an additional question must be asked to create more fulfillment amongst ourselves, more harmony, love, joy, and centeredness:

• How can I be even more aligned with my soul (or higher self or conscience) now?

This additional question will take you, as an individual, and us, as a planet, towards much greater harmony, much greater peace, and much greater heaven on earth. Try it now.

Exercise 5:

Do this exercise on your day off or, if possible, at work. For the entire day, every hour on the hour, ask these questions:

1. Am I living from love; how can I live even more now from love?
2. How can I create even more fulfillment and joy now?
3. How can I love myself and others even more now?
4. How can I be even more aligned with my soul, my spirit, my higher-self, my conscience now?

Write these questions down on a piece of paper exactly as written above and take these questions with you throughout the day. Then every hour, on the hour, answers these questions throughout the entire day.

Your level of satisfaction will sky rocket as you open up new doorways of opportunity towards ever increasing levels of fulfillment. Towards heaven on earth.

Geothermal Energy - Heating From the Earth's Core

Geothermal Energy is another type of renewable energy resource that makes use of the large amounts of energy stored as heat in the water deep below the Earth's surface with the most prominent and visual example of this coming from "Geysers" and "Hot Springs" ejecting large columns of very hot water, steam and gases high up into the air. In fact the word "Geothermal" comes from combining together the two Greek words of Geo, meaning "Earth", and Therme, meaning "heat", with the resulting word "Geothermal" actually meaning "heat generated from the Earth", then the expression "Geothermal Energy" literally means "heat energy generated from the Earth".

Geothermal energy is obtained from the hot areas under the surface of the earth that remain at a relatively constant temperature all year around day and night. Once available, geothermal energy can be used either directly or indirectly as an alternative energy resource to both heat and cool our homes. This naturally occurring and free energy is extracted by a series of pipes filled with water buried below the Earths surface. This hot water is then used in our homes for heating, called Geothermal Heating, or to generate electricity, called Geothermal Power.

So how does it work. At the Earth's core, some 4000 miles below the surface, temperatures can reach over 9000 degrees Fahrenheit. This incredible amount of heat originated four billion years ago in a fiery combustion of dust and gas as the Earth was being created. Many scientists believe that radioactive decay of the inner core keeps the heat generating and flowing outward from this inner core to the mantle of harder rock which surrounds the core. When the temperature and pressure is high enough, some of this mantle rock melts. Then, because the melted rock or magma is less dense than the surrounding rock, it rises and moves slowly up to the Earth's crust.

Sometimes the hot magma reaches all the way to the Earth's surface as a volcanic eruption, but usually the magma remains underground and heats the adjoining rock as well as any water that has seeped down through geologic holes, cracks and faults in the Earth's crust absorbing the heat as it travels through these hot rocks. Some of this water, whose temperatures can reach as high as 700 degrees, travels back up through cracks to the Earth's surface and emerges as hot springs, geysers or pools of boiling mud. Far more often, however, the water and magma becomes trapped within the rock, forming a natural underground geothermal reservoir. It is these underground geothermal reservoirs that are able to give us another type of alternative energy resource with incredible potential.

Let us understand that geothermal is NOT mining, as mining removes the mined material forever, it is extraction of the heat from a hydrothermal fluid which is replenished, sometimes over very long periods by the Earth itself. This geothermal energy resources can be used either for direct consumption, heating or for power generation in one of the following three main ways:

Types of Geothermal Energy

1. Direct Geothermal Energy - this is where the hot water is available either on or very close to the Earth's surface and can be used directly for heating, bathing or washing.
2. Ground Source Geothermal - this is where the geothermal hot water is below the ground but not too deep allowing easy access of the geothermal resource using heat absorbing pipes or bore holes.
3. Geothermal Power Plants - these harnesses the extremely hot water or steam using vertical bore holes drilled deep underground and then uses the available super heated geothermal water and steam to generate electricity.

For domestic applications, one way of extracting this heat energy is by the use of a Geothermal Heat Pump. The geothermal heat pump doesn't create electricity, instead it circulates a thermally conductive liquid mixed with water through long pipes called an Earth loop buried up to 12 feet underground, operating on the same principle as the domestic refrigerator but in reverse.

A Geothermal Heat Pump, also known as a "Ground Source Heat Pump", is a very efficient way to heat and air-condition our homes and buildings as it can move heat in two ways: during the colder winter months, low temperature heat is withdrawn from the ground (the heat source) for direct use in heating buildings and other structures. In the hotter summer months, the geothermal heat pump operates in reverse removing the heat from the building and dissipating it back into the ground.

As a result of this simple process, direct use geothermal heating is becoming very popular for the home owner because it provides a cost-effective alternative to expensive oil or gas home heating systems. Energy savings using a ground source heat pump can be substantial over a long period of time.

Geothermal power on the other hand uses extremely hot water heated by the underground magmatic activity which is pumped to the surface and used for electricity generation. Once this super heated water reaches atmospheric pressure it turns to steam where it is used to operate steam-powered turbines and generators. Geothermal power plants are becoming more common in volcanic areas and countries such as Iceland, were it produces over a quarter of their energy needs.

The main advantages of Geothermal Power is that it is clean, cheap, no additional fuel is needed resulting in no greenhouse gases or air pollution. However, some disadvantages include ground water and waste water pollution, geographically restricted and high maintenance costs. But the biggest disadvantage is that the closer you put a Geothermal power plant to an active volcano or heat source, the larger the potential operational problems you can have.

Polar Shift of Planet Earth in 2012

Many prophecies have been made concerning the end of the world as we know it happening in the year 2012. One possible occurrence that NASA has been conducting studies about is a possible polar shift of the planet. The earth seems to be going through changes that are creating more and more disastrous events in both extreme weather and earthquake intensity. Although indirectly, NASA conducts research in many areas of earths make up as well as our solar system. Some of this research gives us clues as to possible reasons that these disastrous events are unfolding on earth today. Could a massive dwarf star, (Nibiru or Planet X) be aligning with other astral bodies in our solar systems that are causing this effect on the planet? There are many who think that this is indeed happening, and this is the cause of the end of world 2012 prophecies. At this time there is no scientific data that supports this theory and as such cannot be regarded as true or correct. There are many factors that one has to look at before claims of planetary a shift in the magnetic poles happening in 2012 is possible. The scientists have presented the following information on this particular topic:

Our north and south poles are determined by the direction of spin of the earth's inner core. The inner core is made up of iron and hot magma that spins creating a magnetic action that defines our geomagnetic poles. Our planets polarity, of north and south as remained in a constant state for quite some time now. There have been indications that polar shifts have occurred in the past and it is possible that the earth could be past due for a shift in the poles. The last time a polar shift occurred on the earth was over three hundred thousand years ago. Studies have indicated that the earth shifts on its polar axis about every three hundred thousand years. This does tend to indicate the earth is past due for a polar shift. Is 2012 the year this occurs? Will 2012 be the year the new polar shift occurs? Will this be the end of the world? The planet could have a polar shift quite suddenly and unexpectedly as it is overdue.

NASA does state that a shift in the poles are indeed possible, they do not believe that these shifts may occur as abruptly as others are claiming. NASA has been studying earth as well as all other heavenly bodies and is considered to be trusted experts in this area. Any doomsday prophecies or end of the world statements are deemed to be lacking the scientific evidence to be considered or proven as solid truth. Further research needs to be conducted before claims that an immediate destruction of the earth cause by a polar shift can be considered possible. Catastrophic effects causing the end of the world in 2012 by a polar shift or even the sun is very unlikely to occur.

EARTH - Element of Nature

The study and appreciation of the natural elements pervades all wisdom teachings. Nature inspires poets and points a way to those who seek understanding of both spirit and matter.
Although the terms used to distinguish the natural elements differ between eras and times throughout the centuries and there remain differences between oriental and western thought, the essential common understanding is clear. In philosophy we look to the principles that in western teachings are clearly marked as the symbols of Earth, Water, Air, Fire and Ether.
To the nature lover, these elements are obvious in the outer natural environment. In relation to the first; Earth is the ground, the soil, the sand, the firm surface upon the planet with its innumerable variations in form. There are deserts of sand, mountains of rock, prairies of pasture, high cliffs and valleys that are features in terrain.
Earth provides our stable base for human habitation, activities and physical survival. It supports all the vegetative life upon which our physical sustenance depends and is abundant in the nuts, fruits, seeds, herbs, and vegetables it produces through the wonder and mystery of the laws of growth.
It is also symbolic of the secure base that is our material environment. It is the property of matter that to a large extent is obvious and contactable through our tactile senses. Earth seems then very real to us and governs everything we can see as material reality.
To find satisfaction in knowledge of any kind we seek to apply it in practical application.
Regarding the element Earth, it is seen to dominate all the avenues of material science, technology, construction of all kinds. In human nature that possesses the same inherent five elements, we seek to reflect them in the qualities of our character as in the qualities of our thought. Earth is expressed in our physical body, in our practicality, in our constructive talents, in our productive life, and in the secure base of our reliability in relation to our fellows. Through matter we create things of value, be it in crafts, technological machinery, architecture and the visual arts.
In the combination of the five elements within us, some possess more quality or quality of one element over another. Those who have Earth dominant in their nature are more naturally inclined to be stable, practical and able to cope with the material things of life than others who are a different mix of the active principles.
We are reminded that the overall important value of Earth is that it allows the expression of beauty both in the external environment and within our personal lives. And this beautiful planet called Earth is our home.
Earth gives us a practical base from which we move on to study the other Elements and what they mean in our lives and how to better understand our Astrological Chart.

Elizabeth S. Adams is known for her published "Forgotten Dreams - a collection of Poetry" with additional interests that extend to Astrology, Astronomy and mystical subjects that help us understand who we are and our place in the Universe.
Astrology when applied to self understanding of our personality and deeper soul potentials is a great practical starting point. We also need assistance to unveil the special inner talents of our soul so we feel confident to offer our contribution to the world. Astrology is such an aid.

Mother Earth Song of Tears

Of all the planets around our glorious star, the Sun
One we call home, abundant with life giving waters
The blue orb we will leave behind when we are done
Into the futures hands of our sons and our daughters
Of exquisite beauty, life-full, kind and nurturing
Her life-force, our loving, beautiful Mother Earth
Giving her all, her life breath and endearing self
With abundant water and rich, food-growing dirt
Fresh water streams and wide, land parting rivers
Splendid rolling hills and teasing white-tipped mountains
Fresh life giving oxygen, and protective shroud of ozone
And gift of water-recycling clouds with life-seeding rains
Oceans teeming with countless myriads of life forms
Island paradises at our whim for fun and playing
Home of happiness, peace and hand-holding love
Selflessly given, and all ours for the taking
Flying the skies and sailing her deep blue oceans
Playing in the water, and her beautiful beaches
Tilling her rich soil and using all of her bounties
Exploring her tall, deep forests and rivers far reaches
But what do we do to this awesome home of ours?
How do respond to her giving and her kindness?
In what condition are we leaving her for our children?
And our future grandchildren, how exactly do we bless?
With chemicals we kill her trees and poison her precious soil
We slaughter the whales senseless till the waters run red
And to satisfy our hunger, ego and intense greed for wealth
We rob, maim and kill our very own sisters and brothers dead
The volume of black gold sucked out of her giving bosom
Then spilled in her pure oceans and her golden sands
Forever-lasting refuse, plastic and Styrofoam
Spread, contaminate and filling mountains in all the lands
Now she seems down, defeated and out of breath
Our Mother Earth who we have, for so long forsaken
What can we do differently? How can the human family help?
How can we make up for all the abuse she has taken?
Can we pause for a moment and start using our intellect
And control our quest for wealth and getting richer?
When we create our own artificial flowers and beauty
While steadily ruining our Mother Earth's pretty picture?
Mother Earth is our home... And one of a kind
When we damage and destroy, no where else to go
To protect, preserve and care, we should all say YES!
To contaminate, neglect and abuse, hold a steadfast NO!

I endeavor to put my thoughts into words which, in some way will uplift, inspire and encourage the philosopher and the poet within each of us. In this journey of life, each of us experience our experiences in our own unique way and plays our thoughts to our own music. May we all listen to the whispering poet within ourselves and be motivated to find the time to set it free, and as we do, discover our own truths within.

Biospheres: Reproducing Planet Earth

Dorion Sagan's 1990 paperback Biospheres: Reproducing Planet Earth (McGraw-Hill Publishing, ISBN 0-553-28883-0) does more than deliver a unique vision of the planet's life support system. It also challenges the traditional view of humanity as the dominant feature of life on Earth.

Perhaps that is no less than should be expected from the offspring of astronomer Carl Sagan and biologist Lynn Margulis, whose unorthodox view of evolutionary biology sees life forms merging to produce new ones. Sagan the younger is well known as an author of books on culture, evolution, and the philosophy of science.

Ecospheres to Biosphere 2

Among the more interesting features of the book are the mentions of still-existing institutions that are unexpectedly abiding features of the economic and technological landscape.

For example, Ecospheres Associates in Tucson, Arizona manufactures and sells sealed glass balls filled with water containing green algae, other microscopic biota, and tiny shrimp in a symbiotic community that illustrates the principle of closed life support. It is one illustration of what Sagan calls "permanently recycling systems." Called EcoSpheres, they come in a variety of sizes, from 4 inches in diameter to 9 inches, are priced like small kitchen appliances, and have "replacement periods" of up to a year. With care, they can last for many years. EcoSpheres are a NASA spin-off, the first product of US experiments to create closed ecosystems, ultimately for humans in space habitats.

"Bioshelters", earthbound biospheres for individuals, families, and small groups, were a product of the gone-but-not-forgotten New Alchemy Institute (1969-1991). Between Apollo 11 and Biosphere 2, New Alchemy built several bioshelters it called "arks" at Cape Cod Massachusetts, Prince Edward Island (eastern Quebec), and other places. The Green Center at Hatchville, MA preserves New Alchemy's information legacy.

Ocean Arcs International, founded by the same people who brought you bioshelters, created the self-sustaining oceangoing vessels mentioned in Biospheres. Their idea of sailing Earth's oceans as little sea colonies, without dependence on anything nonrenewable, including fossil fuels, has since mutated into a wastewater processing method that might qualify as a technology for space colonies.

Biosphere 2, 35 miles north of Tucson, was taking shape just as Biospheres the book was nearing completion. The site has become Southern Arizona's best-known technological wonder. Situated among the red rocks of the Santa Catalina Mountains, out of sight of Highway 77 and the ordinary built environment, it is said that on certain summer evenings under one of those ruby Arizona sunsets, all of the visual cues are Martian. From the library tower of the human habitat, across a miniature ocean, rain forest, desert, savannah, and marshland, Biosphere 2 is 3.14 acres of Earth under glass. It has operated since 2007 as a research station and educational outreach project of the University of Arizona under a ten-year, $30 million grant from the Philecology Foundation.

Of Mice and Men

But the book has a downside. Its core philosophy is environmentalism, which is worthy of suspicion because of its tendency to denigrate humanity. Sagan is at risk for this as well, displaying a fairly consistent antihuman drumbeat that is easily the most off-putting feature of his little book.

Each human being, says Sagan, is both a multi-species assemblage and a unit of a larger organism. The typical Homo sapiens' surface is inhabited by a microbiological community of bacteria, fungi, round worms, pin worms, etc. Our guts are densely-packed tubes of bacteria, yeasts, and other microorganisms. To add further insult, the Lovelockian view of Gaia, Mother Earth, which Sagan describes sympathetically, features humans as mere components. It's almost enough to make one decide to leave all the dirt and non-human DNA behind, and build strictly artificial worlds, just to prove that we can. Except that we can't, as anyone who disturbs the equilibrium of their digestive jungle soon discovers.

Truly, though, there is something disturbing about the idea, also found here, that the Gaia hypothesis could become the basis of some new green theocracy. What power would priests of the green religion have, and to what ends? We find some indication by the value assigned to individuals in the Lovelockian philosophy as Sagan portrays it: Individuals are of no consequence. They are numbers, large amounts of inessential biomass, and those numbers need to be contained. All of us who do not pass from the scene by means best left undescribed are to be midwives in the reproduction of the original biosphere, creating isolated cocoons of life in space, or maybe not. Right there, Sagan loses his clarity of vision. He thinks maybe we should just build protective pods to shield the offspring of Mother Earth from her dying body. OK. That's a little weird. Also, that's enough bashing of Men for their reproductive proclivities. I happen to like people, at least in principle.

Sagan says we ALL like people, and not just in principle. We like them so much that we are on the way to becoming a superorganism made up of individual humans the way our bodies are made of cells. To prevent these "cells" from reproducing wildly into superorganism "tumors", Sagan feels we shall adopt new cultural norms like infanticide and abortion, maybe also a little criminality and sexual perversion. Before too long, by way of demonstrating the effects of crowding, he works his way around to the rodent experiments of Dr. John B. Calhoun. If one takes the results at face value and allows them to be projected upon the human future, then, as Sagan points out, only grim conclusions are possible.

Sagan would have done well to point out that the standard interpretation of Calhoun's results is not necessarily the best one. The mouse "universes" of John Calhoun's creation did become crowded over time (though never reaching more than about 80% of capacity). They were also closed from the start, making emigration impossible. Population biologists regard emigration and death in the same light. That is because they are unable to follow individuals once they leave a controlled area. But, as any human explorer knows, emigration and death are not the same thing. A more complete interpretation of Calhoun's outcomes reflects the impossibility of a breakout, concluding that the mouse populations failed, not because they were dense, but because they were trapped in an enclosure.

Such side trips down depressing rabbit holes explain why the book in some ways stumbles rather than soars. Not until near the end do we again take up the ennobling view of Man the Builder of Worlds as opposed to Man trapped inside some kind of planet-sized monster in space. We pick up the thread at the Soviet Bios program of the early 1980s, which maintained two human beings in a complete life support system independent of Earth for a five-month simulated space journey.

Biospherians

Ten years later than Bios, much bigger, and more Capitalist, Biosphere 2 is a significant extension of the theme Sagan tries to express. A project of Edward P. Bass's Decisions Investments (as Space Biospheres Ventures), it is the largest and most complete simulation of the earth ever undertaken. The apparatus is as much a technological object as a biological one. Its basement "technosphere" includes systems for controlling temperature, filtering water, balancing internal pressure, fighting fires, and supporting the scientific activities of eight "biospherians." It is also art, a self-portrait of Man in the late twentieth century. Like the book, Biosphere 2 is more of a quest than a destination. Both are pearls, not so much because of what they say, or fail to say, or how they say it, but because of the questions they raise, most notably, "Who are we?"

The Healing Power of Earth Energy and Feng Shui

In our modern age of technology, the Green movement is urging us to re-examine our relationship with the Earth and how we can get back to basics and benefit more from the natural environment.

Our Earth is a solid, grounding force giving us a feeling of security. It is "terra firma" under our feet. Its revolutions create gravity and secure us to the planet. In traditional Feng Shui practice, we use the earth element to "ground" particular energies inside or outside a home. For example, extra earth is often placed between a house and an electrical transformer on a telephone pole to neutralize excess static electricity that might create what is known as negative energy or "sha". Likewise, it is a common practice for fuel tankers to load flammable fuel on what is known as a grounding pad that will neutralize any positive electrical ions or sparks that might start a fire. It is also a standard practice in Feng Shui to create raised earth or a "mountain" remedy in front of a home to help balance and support the "people" aspect of many houses. The earth remedy is protective and includes anything made of mineral composition including clay, brick, ceramic, concrete, cement, stone, sand or stucco.

Most homes are built on concrete slabs or footings giving a structure strong stability. Homes that are raised above the ground, allowing water or air to pass freely underneath, are considered to be "destabilized" and can affect an occupant's health negatively. The type of soil a home is built on is also important. Soil compaction and composition are looked at carefully before a home is constructed. The soil around a home ideally should be able to stick together allowing compaction which can hold a greater weight load. Soil that can be compacted also shows an ability to hold moisture as this is the optimal kind of land to live on. Soil that is too sandy or clay has more difficulty in nourishing plant life. Plant life helps retain moisture, creates oxygen and also holds the land together protectively with their roots, preventing erosion.

Earth tone colors and shades of brown also have a psychological stabilizing effect on us as well. We love chocolate, our morning coffee or teas, and the comfort of fresh baked bread or pastries. Skin tones too come in all shades of brown from the lightest pinkish tans to deep mahoganies and ebonies. Skin colors are reflections of the earth. All colors, when mixed with their opposite hue, will create the thousands of shades of brown we find so comforting and familiar.

The Earth is our physical mother in a profound sense and we literally benefit by re-connecting with her on many levels. Many spiritual practices start with "grounding" exercises in which we re-establish our connection to the earth to strengthen our bodies, as our vessel, in turn empowering our spiritual exercises. Yin and yang balance, very important in Feng Shui practice, is constantly being harmonized by the Earth's energy and rhythms. The Sun provides a plethora of positive ions (yang) that circulate freely in our atmosphere above a primarily negatively charged Earth (yin). Positive ions are known to irritate us and create anxiety --and negative ions can restore our good moods and boost our health. The Earth is our primary generator of these healthful negative ions often called vitamins of the air.

It is very interesting to note that Sunspot activity (magnetic anomalies) on the Sun's surface is very regular and occurs about every 11 years. When Sunspots happen, they cause solar flares to explode into space towards the Earth and our ionosphere captures these extra positive ions which then circulate freely in the atmosphere. These charged particles give us the Aurora Borealis. When sunspots increase, activism and wars also increase especially during the 5 year peak periods of sunspot activity, and this has been charted for hundreds of years. Our biggest and most destructive wars occur during these peak sunspot periods. Although the cause of wars have not been proven scientifically, the theory is that an abundance of these extra positive ions increase testosterone levels, making humans more aggressive and anxious. The Earth--and the natural environment-- are our richest source and biggest generator of the opposite polarity ion. You can get a calming dose of negative ions by simply taking off your shoes and walking barefoot on soil, grass or sand. The health benefits are amazing --besides the earth-- pine trees, salt lamps and water resources like waterfalls or the pounding ocean surf on sand are all great producers of negative ions. Take off your flip-flops next time you are at the beach and see if you don't feel better.

In the smaller micro-climate, when we work all day in a room full of computers and electronic equipment, that extra dose of positive ions makes us more irritable and anxious. In our technological age, there are so many devices which create an excess of draining positive ions. Positive ion generators include TVs, computers, iPhones, electronics, wireless appliances, heaters, ovens, air conditioners, dust, pollution and car exhaust to name a few.

The stabilizing energy of the earth will heal many of our modern day ills if we can just get back to nature's basics. So kick off your shoes and start enjoying the natural environment once again and get grounded! The earth can naturally provide a wealth of benefits if we just embrace it. A classically trained Feng Shui consultant can advise you of the best areas in your home to use the earth element and guide you in making the best choices to balance and promote your home's natural healing energy. The skillful use of earth is very important in traditional Feng Shui and can boost your life in many positive ways.

Saving the Earth With Reusable Shopping Bags

Every day we can read news about the destruction of our nature on the internet or television. We are the ones who are responsible for the degradation of our environment and we have to stop it now. We hear negative news such as global warming, hastening climate change and deforestation. Our irresponsible use of natural resources does not only destroy the environments but we are also bringing chaos to our society. So we must act now! You might ask yourself, "but what can I really do to save the environment?"

You don't need the power of a politician or the influence of a celebrity to make a change because the truth is you can protect and save the earth even in your simplest ways. And one of the easy things that you can do as an individual is to reduce the quantity of plastic bags that we dispose.

The plastic bags that you thought are given to you for free in the grocery or department stores are one of the biggest causes of greenhouse gases, which is a key contributor to the destruction of our environment. Billions of plastic bags are being dumped every year. It is estimated that 500 billion to 1 trillion plastic shopping bags are made and discarded every year. That simply means that we use more or less than one million bags every minute of our lives, the figures might be overwhelming but that is the truth. For that reason, environmentalist encourages every individual to help reduce the use and disposal of plastic in our ecosystem. And one of the suggested things and practices that we can do is to reduce, reuse and recycle. And we can do that by using environmental friendly products and reusable shopping bags instead of plastic-made bags.

The easiest thing to do is to cut down the number of plastic that you use and use reusable shopping bags. This environment friendly bag is useful in many ways. Aside from the environmental concerns there are other benefits that you can get from using a green bag: it is more durable than plastic bags, green bags have the capacity to carry at least twice as much as most standard plastic shopping bags. Also, it is very comfortable to use and handy. These bags are made from environmentally friendly materials like recycled or organic cotton and non-hazardous and non-allergenic. Furthermore, these environmental friendly bags are washable and are created from high quality fabric that lasts for many years.

In our own little way we can do something to nurture and protect our environment. Using reusable shopping bag in your daily life allows you to contribute in making our planet a greener and cleaner place to live in. This can be a very simple step yet it makes a huge difference in lessening the pollution that is slowly killing the life in our planet, the Earth.

Creating a Healthy Environment

The human body goes through so many changes in life. Our lives get more and more packed with stress and our body pays the butcher's bill. Headaches, injuries, knotted muscles and cramps--our bodies are telling us something. We need to adapt! The stress we encounter in our daily life forces these physical reactions of discomfort upon us. We try to cope with the pain, believing it's natural, our coping only takes us so far though: just enough to keep feeling the same way: miserable. But, if we adapt by creating a healthy environment for our bodies, we reduce all our millions of aches, pains, and stresses that sap all our energy to live life the way it was meant to. Adapting your environment to health will naturally generate the energy you need to defeat stress. You'll be back in control of your own life.

The Key is Flexibility

Stretching is just about the simplest of all physical activities and it is the essential exercise in the creation of a healthy environment. Flexibility training will: reduce muscle tension, improve circulation, reduce anxiety, stress, and fatigue, improve mental alertness, and decrease your risk of injury. But despite the benefits, you're probably asking yourself: where are you going to find the time to start stretching? And that's where step one comes in.

Step One: Use Time To your Advantage

Step one is all about the creation of new habits. What you want to concentrate on here is creating habits that increase your flexibility. It's simple. If you're waiting in line, showering, or even brushing your teeth, you can incorporate simple stretching routines and maximize your time. Start your flexibility program every morning and again make it the last thing you do before bed. Through-out the day just spend a couple of minutes of the time you use for all the mundane tasks of your life, and stretch out while you're working. When you're trying to start a new habit, remember: don't let yourself make excuses not to. It only takes thirty days for a new habit to form in the brain. So, stay the course.

Stretching Your Way To A Healthy Environment!

Once you've found ways to maximize your time by incorporating a flexibility routine, it's time to create a homeostatic environment of flexibility. Think about a cat. Cats spend at least eighty percent of their days stretching out. Maybe that's why cats always look so relaxed all the time, and we are these constant stress-balls. Step two is all about becoming a little more cat-like in how we respond to our environment.

Step Two: Adaptation

Since you've already found ways to use your time to your advantage, you've already started the development of a healthy environment. It's really all about mastering your responses, and adapting. So you're already on your way. Just remember to concentrate on consistency in your stretching, rather than intensity. Intense stretching will come in time, when your body is ready. In the beginning, it's all about consistency, just do it every day and the results will surprise you. Use your body And mind together There is definitely a mind-set to be developed here. You've made the decision to start adapting to your environment by forming self-sustaining habits. You are stretching out and clearing away all the tension your body has stockpiled. But the best way to take these routines to the next level is to use your body and mind together. And that is what step three is all about.

Step Three: Stretching As Meditation

When you're stretching out concentrate on nothing but the stretch. Focus all your mental attention on your body and its response to the stretch. Breathe deep. Concentrate on your breathing and try to breathe into the space by your belly-button. Let your muscles relax! Let your anxieties go, just concentrate on the stretch. Stretching is a balance between strength and flexibility. Remember only stretch as far as your body will let you. Don't push it too far! If you listen to your body it will tell you when too stop. For example, if your muscles start to shake while you are stretching, you're stretching too far. Give it time, focus, and a lot of breathing.

Green Cleaning for Health and a Healthy Environment

Green cleaning for health is one of the latest movements to be accepted among reputable cleaning companies who wish to provide a quality cleaning service, while maintaining an active respect for the protection of the health of the cleaning crew, as well as the other occupants and users of the building. Moreover, green cleaning for health also makes efforts to protect and respect the environment.

While the most direct benefits - the health of both people and the environment - are easy to spot, there are some less obvious, indirect benefits from green cleaning for health, which are just as attractive. These include the fact that green cleaning makes cleaning professionals much more attractive to many different businesses, organizations, and individuals, who may be seeking a greener alternative
to the traditional, more "toxic" cleaning solution. No other cleaning program within the industry is as healthy and environmentally responsible as green cleaning for health.

However, green cleaning for health does carry some responsibility with the name. It isn't just a matter of saying that you respect the environment. Such a cleaning program involves an entire system, based upon - but certainly not limited to - the use of green cleaning products.

In addition to environmentally friendly cleaning products, other actions that are taken by green cleaning for health providers include:

1. Using an environmentally friendly cleaning system that considers how frequently the floors are vacuumed, swept, mopped, buffed, and refinished.

It also takes into consideration the chemicals and the equipment used for such processes. Furthermore, it looks at the frequency of carpet extraction.

2. Utilizing a matting system - as much as 90% of all of the dust and dirt that gets into any given building is a result of what is tracked in through the door. Therefore, to reduce the amount "large scale" cleaning to be done, a system of mats in the entryways, which are cleaned and vacuumed regularly, presents a much greener alternative.

3. Green product use - use products only evaluated by the Green Seal® or Canada's comparable Environmental Choice Program".

4. Utilize cleaning equipment that is technologically advanced - this includes true-HEPA vacuum cleaners, and other such devices, so that impurities are not capable of being sucked into the cleaning device, and then blown out, becoming airborne. Any extractors should be certain to heat the cleaning solution to a minimum of 200ºF, in order to improved the drying time and the efficacy of the cleaning. Any cleaning equipment for hard floors should involve a dust control, or a vacuum system which provides "passive" suction in order to capture any airborne particles that may be swirled up as the machine operates.

5. Involvement and education - a truly effective green cleaning for health program shouldn't just involve the cleaning staff, but should include everyone using the building. This means that everyone using the facility should know why green cleaning products are being used, and the importance of the green cleaning practices that are being utilized in order to protect their health.

A Healthy Environment

A healthy environment is a necessity to sustain life on the planet Earth, is a must for safe food and a sustainable economy, is one in which people, at home, in schools, at workplace and in their communities, have access to safe food and water, have adequate sanitation and are protected from risks associated with chemical pollution, environmental degradation and disasters.

A healthy ecosystem is essential towards the durability of life as you may know it. Preserving environmental surroundings is essential considering that the impact of our surroundings on our well-being can be so great. We can easily continue to keep our family members as well as the ecosystem healthy and balanced by restricting contact with hazardous chemicals.

The beautiful planet we are now living in now is badly afflicted with toxins. If we resided in a wholesome ecosystem we would not need to concern ourselves with harmful toxins in the air and water, within our households, or perhaps in the products we use to clean our homes. All people need clean fresh air to breath, clean drinking water, and healthy food to enjoy life. Residing in a secure, wholesome atmosphere is really a fundamental human right.

Contact with harmful agents in the atmosphere, ground, drinking water, and food promote health problems and developmental ailments. Poisonous Toxins: are harmful to human overall health and environmental surroundings. In some forms, PBT toxins (Persistent, bio-accumulative, and toxic pollutants) might cause negative effects, for instance most cancers, birth defects, and declines in specie communities. The hazards these chemical substances pose for you and your loved ones are specially harmful when sprayed as a fluid or foam. Phasing out these harmful toxins and swapping all of them with eco-friendly items in your own home, can certainly produce a big difference in not simply the surroundings, but the quality of everyday living and wellness within your household.

A healthy environment is important to the sustainability of life as we know it. A healthy environment is vital to our growth and development as human beings. The protection and furtherance of a healthy environment is the duty of every citizen and nation.

How to Reduce Greenhouse Gas (GHGs$29 Emissions With Refrigerant Gas Tracking

Carbon emissions reporting, measured as both direct and indirect emissions, requires detailed tracking, maintenance carbon emitting systems, and record keeping of Greenhouse Gas (GHG) sources. Direct carbon emission refers to the energy each individual consumes in the form of fossil fuels and electricity that we use for transportation, heating, cooling and lighting.

Carbon (CO2) Emissions Reporting: It's the law.

In many countries, carbon emissions are required by law to be reported across an organization's entire footprint; hence the common term now in widespread use Carbon Footprinting. Carbon data and detailed records of energy, fuel, and refrigerant gas consumption fall under regulatory compliance rules and must be reported in paper, and increasingly, electronic format.

Similar forms of mandatory monitoring, tracking, and reporting of air, water and soil pollutants fall under the Montreal Protocol (refrigerants gases), The U.S. Clean Air Act (many pollutants), and The Kyoto Protocol (6 GHG gases).

EPA and State Regulatory Compliance

Air, water and soil pollutants resulting from emissions that go beyond the property line or are in excess of Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and/or state compliance regulations must be reported in order to maintain a safe and healthy environments. In addition, there is a very high likelihood that the United States will follow suite with many other countries to mandate economy wide carbon emission reporting. Submission of carbon emissions reports help identify main sources of GHG (greenhouse gases) and track the volume emitted into the atmosphere so that these volumes may be ratcheted down over time.

HCFC Refrigerants -- The cause of depleted Ozone and increases of GHG emissions.

This is the main basis and high-level background for carbon emissions reporting. Refrigerants gases add higher levels of carbon into the air due to the composition CFCs and HCFCs. The refrigerants used in commercial heating, ventilating and air conditioning (HVAC) or regular air conditioning (AC) units include Hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFC), chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) and perfluorocarbon (PFC).

Perfluorocarbons (PFCs) and Hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs) are a collection of commonly used refrigerant and aerosol gasses with a wide variety of other commercial applications. The common Ozone Depleting Substances (ODS) in use today are hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs) and chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs). These substances are organic compounds which consist of clorine, fluorine, carbon and hydrogen and are controlled under the rules set forth in Section 608 of the US Clean Air Act.

The U.S. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) documented that increased GHG emissions is the result of misuse of HCFC refrigerants. As a result of conclusion, the EPA has implemented protocols requiring owner or operators of refrigerant systems to accurately track their refrigerant usage. Refrigerants, referenced as fugitive emissions, make up one of the four main scopes of carbon emissions.

Carbon Emissions Protocols - Get to know these intimately (scope by scope).

The Climate Registry Protocol was written in preparation of mandatory monitoring and tracking or mobile (vehicle emissions), stationary (electricity production), and fugitive emissions (refrigerant gases). These possible sources of emissions are defined below as noted in The Climate Registry, the ISO standards, the EPA protocols, and the World Resource Institute requirements.

Mobile emissions are those which emanate from transport vehicles. Most commonly, these are emissions from the combustion of fuels in transportation sources and emissions from non-road equipment such as equipment used in construction, agriculture, and forestry.

Stationary emissions are those which come from a regular source but do not disperse over greater areas, rather remaining in concentrations in the specific source area. These are emissions from the combustion of fuels to produce electricity, steam, heat, or power using in a fixed location.

Fugitive emissions are those which may occur as a result of inefficient control equipment or control equipment that is obsolete. Examples include releases of sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) from electrical equipment, hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) releases during the use of refrigeration and air conditioning equipment, process equipment leaks, etc.

The EPA, ISO, World Resource Institute, and Climate Registry all have reporting protocols which outline, in a systematic way methods for collecting, calculating, and reporting carbon emissions. All protocols are available. There is not a single reporting protocol as of early 2009. The current carbon emission protocols being drafted, reviewed, and supported by businesses and various government agencies all dictate detailed reporting requirements. EPA rules put in place mandatory CO2 emissions reporting regulations. Companies must spend time getting to know the protocols to remain in compliance.

Critical Heads Up - Companies are facing a mind-bending challenge. They must understand the protocols, organize, collect, and report Greenhouse Gas emissions across their entire organization or face extra financial burden.

Where refrigerant gases prevail heavily in multiple sources, refrigerant reporting as well as refrigerant tracking will lead to a better phasing in of mandatory carbon reporting. Legal carbon emissions reporting pave the way for lasting reductions in carbon emissions and improved management of company assets. Measure reduction in CO2 emissions. The goal to keep focused upon is a cleaner environment through reduced use of harmful refrigerants and more efficiently managed companies.

Defining Materiality For Greenhouse Gas Emissions

The definition of materiality is part of The Climate Registry's general verification protocol (GVP). Such protocol allows 5% threshold for an enterprise's indirect and direct emissions. Indirect emissions refer to greenhouse gases discharged through the use of resources and goods during production. Direct emissions are that which are discharged on-site such as refrigerant leak discharged.

Greenhouse gases lead to global warming, which will cause an adverse change in our climate. There are six main gases being tracked by The Climate Registry. They are hydrofluorocarbons and perfluorocarbons, which are commonly found in refrigerants, carbon dioxide, methane, sulfur hexafluoride and nitrous oxide.

There was confusion with the absolute value basis that specifies the threshold when the greenhouse gas registry's definition of materiality was released. In the most recent clarifications released, such term was omitted and replaced with 5% understatement or overstatement threshold leeway.

The materiality definition in The Climate Registry's verification standards addresses emissions reported by entities located in North America. Since the worldwide emissions reports are geographically different from that of North America's, this registry is requiring a separate verification statements for both. Documents should include materiality threshold including emissions threshold which are calculated through simplified methods.

The 5 percent materiality definition threshold is standard within financial accounting practices and represents the amount of insignificant emissions allowed. Entities have the flexibility to specifically define which greenhouse gas emissions would be classified as insignificant within the scope of their operations.

Materiality defined will address errors in reporting by a company when it comes to GHG emissions. Inaccuracy in reporting occurs when a certain company's indirect or direct emissions have discrepancies from true emissions, more or less 5%. Under the registry, these inherent uncertainties can be a result of rounding errors, numerical mistakes, uncertain emission factors, or other miscalculations.

The Climate Registry was established in 2007 to provide a standardized method for companies in the United States, Canada and Mexico to voluntarily report greenhouse gas emissions. The aim of the nonprofit agency is to get a better understanding of the harmful effects greenhouse gases are having on the environment by asking companies to report their emissions. The registry supports policies that involve voluntary and mandatory reporting and regulatory oversight of greenhouse gas emissions.

The materiality definition is just one aspect of the registry's reporting requirements. Other greenhouse gas emissions reporting protocols include some types of indirect and direct emissions which are calculated at a company, geographical, facility and operational level. Greenhouse Gas Emissions reporting is made annually. As such, many facilities, especially those equipped with refrigeration and air-conditioning (RAC) systems or heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) systems, have contracted with vendors of refrigerant management programs. Software and other web-based applications now exist to automatically track and report emissions information, ensuring accuracy and compliance.